How the journal earns a citation.

What every article does

1. 01

   Every study is named by species

   A result in rats stays a result in rats. Each article says which animal a study used, how many, and what was measured, so you can see how far it travels to your own pet.

2. 02

   Every citation links to its record

   Studies are cited by PubMed ID with a link to the National Library of Medicine record, plus the DOI when one exists. You can open each one and read the abstract yourself.

3. 03

   Citations are checked before publishing

   An automated check matches each reference's title, year, first author and DOI against its PubMed record, and flags in-text citations that have no matching reference. Statements about who funded a study or where its authors work are included only when the abstract or full text prints them.

4. 04

   Articles say where the evidence stops

   Most of the peptide literature is in laboratory animals, and we say so. Each article lists what the research did not test, and none gives dosing numbers, administration steps or a promise that a product will change an outcome.

5. 05

   Sales pages are not evidence

   We do not cite peptide sellers, compounding pharmacies or telehealth pages as proof of anything. Veterinary school pages, professional associations, regulator pages and journal articles are the sources we lean on.

Corrections log

When we find a mistake, we fix the page, change its Updated date and record it here.

• October 10, 2026

  Our GHK-Cu skin and coat article, our Starter Guide and a scheduled article on peptide research by species said no dog study of a copper peptide had been published. A 1996 dog study of a tripeptide-copper complex exists (Swaim et al., American Journal of Veterinary Research), in which 12 English Pointers had pad wounds injected with the complex or saline. Its abstract does not name the peptide sequence, so we describe it as a copper complex study and cannot confirm it used GHK-Cu. The pages now say so.